Externality

The fact of existing outside the perceiving subject. This economic phenomenon can be categorized as positive or negative when, in the price of the good placed on the market, the social gains and losses resulting from its production or consumption, respectively, are not included. Externality means a market failure, in the sense that the product put on the market does not have a price that contains all of the gains or losses resulting from its production.

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Albedo

The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo...

CDM Project Activities

Activities that are part of a candidate CDM project and that provide a reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases or an increase in the removal of CO2. (see question 20 of the ABC of Changes)

Agroforestry systems

Forms of land-use and land-management, in which trees or shrubs are used together with crop and/or animals in the same area, simultaneously or in a sequence of time. They must include at least one tree or shrub forest species, which can be combined with one or more...