Albedo

The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo varies mainly due to the different levels of clouds, snow, ice, vegetation, and changes in the earth’s surface.

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The Brazilian Climate Observatory

The Brazilian Climate Observatory (Observatório do Clima, OC) is a Brazilian network of articulation on global climate change established on March 23, 2002. In addition to discussions with experts on climate change, the Observatory promotes the articulation of...

Annex I parties or Annex I countries

The Annex I to the Climate Change Convention is composed of parties to the convention and the industrialized countries of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. The division between Annex I parties and non-Annex I parties separates the countries according to...

Permanence

Time at which carbon stored by sequestration remains in a carbon pool without being rereleased. Only permanent carbon pools are acceptable for climate policy purposes.