Protocol

A protocol is always linked to an existing convention but is a separate and additional agreement that must be signed and ratified by the “signatory” parties to the convention. Protocols strengthen a convention, usually by adding new and more detailed commitments.

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Igarapé

An igarapé is an Amazon watercourse of first or third order, constituted by a long arm of river or channel. It exists in a small number in the Amazon basin, characterized by little depth and running almost inside the forest. Most igarapés have dark waters similar...

Certified emission reduction (CER)

Negotiable credit in the international carbon market originated from clean development mechanism (CDM)...

Anthropogenic emissions

Emissions produced as a result of human action. For example, large amounts of carbon dioxide are being released into the atmosphere by activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, agriculture, cement making, and so on.