Certified emission reduction (CER)

Refers to the 2008-2012 period under the Kyoto Protocol.

It is the reduction in deforestation rate of an area, so that the resulting deforestation rate is lower than in a non-intervention scenario to decrease the forest conversion process.

The proportions of solar radiation reflected by a surface or object, expressed in percentage. Snow-covered surfaces have high albedo level; ground (soil) albedo can be high or low; vegetation-covered surfaces and oceans have low albedo level. The Earth’s albedo...